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Monday 30 January 2017
Sunday 29 January 2017
Tuesday 3 January 2017
Sunday 1 January 2017
Simple Cool Tricks With Chrome Developer Tool
Simple Cool Tricks With Chrome Developer Tool
Labels: GOOGLE TRICKS
1. Change the text of a webpage:
You can have fun on webpages just by changing the value of a <span> (a text label). For example, go on the 4shared.com site (a free file sharing site). Then create an account if you don't have one (or just connect with Google, Facebook or Twitter). When you are done, upload something that is heavy (more than 100 MB) by dragging and dropping it on the home page of 4shared. Then you can see an uploading status window on the screen. So right-click on the percentage and click on ''Inspect element''. Now you can see a little window that appears on the bottom of the web browser. There are to ways : either you got the number or you got the % symbol. If you got the number, try to find the symbol below. Then double-click on it and type what you want (Eg: '',000,000 dollars in my bank account'')
2. Get a Non-Crypted password in JS/PhP code:
Some sites are not very safe and just verify the password directly in the PhP/JS code. Then, even if it become rare, you can get the password. Just follow these steps :- Find the login form on the website you want to hack
- Right-click on it and then click on ''Inspect element''
- Search on the window that appeared ''<form'' and then ''action=''
- After it, there is a URL, If it ends by ''.js'', just copy it and paste it in the URL bar of your browser
- If it ends by ''.php'', type ''view-source:'' before pasting the URL
- Then search something like ''password'' in the code.
Tuesday 6 December 2016
TERMINOLOGY OF ECOLOGY part 2
TERMINOLOGY OF ECOLOGY
Ecological Succession: Vegetation is hardly stable, and thus dynamic, changing over time and space. Although comparatively less evident than vegetation, animal populations, particularly lower forms, also show dynamic character to some extent. Succession is a natural process by which different groups or communities colonize the same area over a period of time in a definite sequence. The succession, which starts from a primitive substratum without any previous living matter, is known as the primary succession, whereas that starting from the previously built up substratum where living matter already existed, is known as the secondary succession. If the existing community, as a result of its reaction with the environment, causes its own replacement, then such a succession is known as autogenic succession but if the replacement of the existing community takes place due to the influence of any external force or condition, then it is called allogenic succession.
Climax: In the natural process of succession, one community continues to follow another, until a stage comes when a type of community cannot be displaced under the prevailing environmental conditions. This final, terminal community, that can maintain itself more or less indefinitely in equilibrium with the prevailing environment, is known as the climax community and the stage is said to be the climax.
Biome: A complex of several types of communities, some in climax stage and others in different stages of succession, maintained more or less similar climatic conditions is known as a biome.
Ecosystem: In a given area, the biotic assemblage of all the organisms, plant as well as animal communities, interacts with its physical environment in such a manner that there is a flow of energy leading to clearly defined trophic structure, biotic diversity and material cycles within a system, is known as an ecological system or ecosystem. An ecosystem is the whole biotic community in a given area plus its abiotic environment.
Biosphere: The earth’s living organisms interacting with their physical environment may be considered as a giant ecosystem, which is the largest and most nearly self- sufficient biological system we know, and this is designated as the biosphere or ecosphere. Thus the planet earth along with the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere which sustain life is known as biosphere.
Standing State: The amount of inorganic substances, such as P, S, C, N, H etc. present at any given time in the environment of an ecosystem, is known as the standing state or standing quality. Standing Crop: The amount of living material, present in a component population at any time, is known as the standing crop, which may be expressed in terms of numbers or weight per unit area.
Biomass: Biomass is the standing crop expressed in terms of weight (i.e. organism mass) of the living matter present.
Food Chain: In any ecosystem, various living organisms are arranged in a definite sequence according to their food habits. Plants are producers which are eaten by herbivores, which in turn are eaten by carnivores. This transfer of food energy from the source in plants through a series of organisms with repeated eating and being eaten is known as a food chain in an ecosystem.
Food Web: Under natural conditions in the same ecosystem, depending upon the variety of organisms, there generally operate a number of linear food chains at a time. These chains are interlinked with each other at several points. This interlocking pattern of a number of food
chains forms a web-like arrangement known as food-web.
Ecological Succession: Vegetation is hardly stable, and thus dynamic, changing over time and space. Although comparatively less evident than vegetation, animal populations, particularly lower forms, also show dynamic character to some extent. Succession is a natural process by which different groups or communities colonize the same area over a period of time in a definite sequence. The succession, which starts from a primitive substratum without any previous living matter, is known as the primary succession, whereas that starting from the previously built up substratum where living matter already existed, is known as the secondary succession. If the existing community, as a result of its reaction with the environment, causes its own replacement, then such a succession is known as autogenic succession but if the replacement of the existing community takes place due to the influence of any external force or condition, then it is called allogenic succession.
Climax: In the natural process of succession, one community continues to follow another, until a stage comes when a type of community cannot be displaced under the prevailing environmental conditions. This final, terminal community, that can maintain itself more or less indefinitely in equilibrium with the prevailing environment, is known as the climax community and the stage is said to be the climax.
Biome: A complex of several types of communities, some in climax stage and others in different stages of succession, maintained more or less similar climatic conditions is known as a biome.
Ecosystem: In a given area, the biotic assemblage of all the organisms, plant as well as animal communities, interacts with its physical environment in such a manner that there is a flow of energy leading to clearly defined trophic structure, biotic diversity and material cycles within a system, is known as an ecological system or ecosystem. An ecosystem is the whole biotic community in a given area plus its abiotic environment.
Biosphere: The earth’s living organisms interacting with their physical environment may be considered as a giant ecosystem, which is the largest and most nearly self- sufficient biological system we know, and this is designated as the biosphere or ecosphere. Thus the planet earth along with the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere which sustain life is known as biosphere.
Standing State: The amount of inorganic substances, such as P, S, C, N, H etc. present at any given time in the environment of an ecosystem, is known as the standing state or standing quality. Standing Crop: The amount of living material, present in a component population at any time, is known as the standing crop, which may be expressed in terms of numbers or weight per unit area.
Biomass: Biomass is the standing crop expressed in terms of weight (i.e. organism mass) of the living matter present.
Food Chain: In any ecosystem, various living organisms are arranged in a definite sequence according to their food habits. Plants are producers which are eaten by herbivores, which in turn are eaten by carnivores. This transfer of food energy from the source in plants through a series of organisms with repeated eating and being eaten is known as a food chain in an ecosystem.
Food Web: Under natural conditions in the same ecosystem, depending upon the variety of organisms, there generally operate a number of linear food chains at a time. These chains are interlinked with each other at several points. This interlocking pattern of a number of food
chains forms a web-like arrangement known as food-web.
TERMINOLOGY OF ECOLOGY part 1
TERMINOLOGY OF ECOLOGY
Species: A species is a natural biological unit tied together by the sharing of a common gene pool. It can be also defined as a uniform interbreeding population spread over time and space. Vegetation: The collective and continuous growth of plants in space is called vegetation. Thus, vegetation is actually the totality of plant growth, including large or small populations of each species intermixed in a region. In other words we may say that vegetation is the sum total of plant population covering a region.
Flora: Flora is the species content of the region irrespective of the numerical strength of each species.
Population: A population is a group of individual organisms of the same species in a given area.
Community: A community is a group of population of different species in a given
area. It thus includes all the populations in that area- all plants, all animals and microorganisms. Factor: Any external force, substance or condition that affects organisms in any way, is known as factor.
Environment: The sum of all factors constitute environment. It thus becomes indeed a complex of so many factors, better referred to as environmental complex.
Habitat: The place, where an organism lives, or the place where one would go to find the particular organism is known as the habitat of that organism. The habitat of an organism actually represents a particular set of environmental conditions suitable for its successful growth.
Adaptation: Any species puts its efforts to make full use of the available nutrient pool and other environmental conditions prevailing in the area of its growth. It ensures its own protection against adverse conditions of the habitat. This all is accomplished by the development of some characteristics.
ECAD: Some of the species have more than one kind of populations spread over wide range of habitat conditions. An ecad of a plant species is a population of individuals which although belong to the same genetic stock, but differ markedly in vegetative characters such as size, shape, number of leaves, stems, etc. These variations are simply environmentally induced, and thus are temporary or reversible i.e. one type of ecad may change into another with the change in its habitat.
Ecotype: An ecotype is a population of individuals of a species, which are genetically different. Since different ecotypes are inter-fertile, these are kept under the same taxonomic species. Their variations are permanent and irreversible as these are genetically fixed.
Eco-tone: Although plant species grow in association with each other in groups as communities in nature, there is hardly distinguishable a point or sharp line of distinction between the two different communities. There is generally a zone of transition, presenting a situation of special ecological interest between two different types of communities, which is known as an eco-tone.
Life Form: A life form is the sum of the adaptation of the plant to the climate. This view point is considered in the physiognomic method of study of plant communities. Biological Spectrum: The percentage distribution of species among the various life forms of a flora is called the biological spectrum of that place.
Species: A species is a natural biological unit tied together by the sharing of a common gene pool. It can be also defined as a uniform interbreeding population spread over time and space. Vegetation: The collective and continuous growth of plants in space is called vegetation. Thus, vegetation is actually the totality of plant growth, including large or small populations of each species intermixed in a region. In other words we may say that vegetation is the sum total of plant population covering a region.
Flora: Flora is the species content of the region irrespective of the numerical strength of each species.
Population: A population is a group of individual organisms of the same species in a given area.
Community: A community is a group of population of different species in a given
area. It thus includes all the populations in that area- all plants, all animals and microorganisms. Factor: Any external force, substance or condition that affects organisms in any way, is known as factor.
Environment: The sum of all factors constitute environment. It thus becomes indeed a complex of so many factors, better referred to as environmental complex.
Habitat: The place, where an organism lives, or the place where one would go to find the particular organism is known as the habitat of that organism. The habitat of an organism actually represents a particular set of environmental conditions suitable for its successful growth.
Adaptation: Any species puts its efforts to make full use of the available nutrient pool and other environmental conditions prevailing in the area of its growth. It ensures its own protection against adverse conditions of the habitat. This all is accomplished by the development of some characteristics.
ECAD: Some of the species have more than one kind of populations spread over wide range of habitat conditions. An ecad of a plant species is a population of individuals which although belong to the same genetic stock, but differ markedly in vegetative characters such as size, shape, number of leaves, stems, etc. These variations are simply environmentally induced, and thus are temporary or reversible i.e. one type of ecad may change into another with the change in its habitat.
Ecotype: An ecotype is a population of individuals of a species, which are genetically different. Since different ecotypes are inter-fertile, these are kept under the same taxonomic species. Their variations are permanent and irreversible as these are genetically fixed.
Eco-tone: Although plant species grow in association with each other in groups as communities in nature, there is hardly distinguishable a point or sharp line of distinction between the two different communities. There is generally a zone of transition, presenting a situation of special ecological interest between two different types of communities, which is known as an eco-tone.
Life Form: A life form is the sum of the adaptation of the plant to the climate. This view point is considered in the physiognomic method of study of plant communities. Biological Spectrum: The percentage distribution of species among the various life forms of a flora is called the biological spectrum of that place.
Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen is required for the manufacturing of all amino acids and nucleic acids; however, the average organism cannot use atmospheric nitrogen for these tasks and as a result is dependent on the nitrogen cycle as a source for its usable nitrogen. The nitrogen cycle begins with nitrogen stored in the atmosphere as N2 or nitrogen stored in the soil as ammonium (NH4+), ammonia (NH3), nitrite (NO2-), or nitrate (NO3). Nitrogen is assimilated into living organisms through three stages: nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and plant metabolism. Nitrogen fixation is a process which occurs in prokaryotes in which N2 is converted to (NH4+). Atmospheric nitrogen can also undergo nitrogen fixation by lighting and UV radiation and become NO3-. Following nitrogen fixation, nitrification occurs. During nitrification, ammonia is converted into nitrite, and nitrite is converted into nitrate. Nitrification occurs in various bacteria. In the final stage, plants absorb ammonia and nitrate and incorporate it into their metabolic pathways. Once the nitrogen has entered the plant metabolic pathway, it may be transferred to animals when the plant is eaten. Nitrogen is released back into the cycle when denitrifying bacteria convert NO3- into N2 in the process of denitrification, when detritivorous bacteria convert organic compounds back into ammonia in the process of ammonification, or when animals excrete ammonia, urea, or uric acid.
A lot of environmental problems are caused by the disruption of the nitrogen cycle by human activity, some of the problems caused range from the production of troposphere (lower atmospheric) smog to the perturbation of stratospheric ozone and contamination of ground water. An example of one of the problems caused is the formation of greenhouse gas. Like carbon dioxide and water vapor greenhouse gas traps heat near the earth’s surface and destroys the stratospheric ozone. Once that occurs nitrous oxide in the earth’s atmosphere is broken down by UV light into nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide. These two products can reduce the ozone. Nitrogen oxides can be changed back into nitrates and nitrite compounds and recycled back into the earth’s surface.
Nitrogen is required for the manufacturing of all amino acids and nucleic acids; however, the average organism cannot use atmospheric nitrogen for these tasks and as a result is dependent on the nitrogen cycle as a source for its usable nitrogen. The nitrogen cycle begins with nitrogen stored in the atmosphere as N2 or nitrogen stored in the soil as ammonium (NH4+), ammonia (NH3), nitrite (NO2-), or nitrate (NO3). Nitrogen is assimilated into living organisms through three stages: nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and plant metabolism. Nitrogen fixation is a process which occurs in prokaryotes in which N2 is converted to (NH4+). Atmospheric nitrogen can also undergo nitrogen fixation by lighting and UV radiation and become NO3-. Following nitrogen fixation, nitrification occurs. During nitrification, ammonia is converted into nitrite, and nitrite is converted into nitrate. Nitrification occurs in various bacteria. In the final stage, plants absorb ammonia and nitrate and incorporate it into their metabolic pathways. Once the nitrogen has entered the plant metabolic pathway, it may be transferred to animals when the plant is eaten. Nitrogen is released back into the cycle when denitrifying bacteria convert NO3- into N2 in the process of denitrification, when detritivorous bacteria convert organic compounds back into ammonia in the process of ammonification, or when animals excrete ammonia, urea, or uric acid.
A lot of environmental problems are caused by the disruption of the nitrogen cycle by human activity, some of the problems caused range from the production of troposphere (lower atmospheric) smog to the perturbation of stratospheric ozone and contamination of ground water. An example of one of the problems caused is the formation of greenhouse gas. Like carbon dioxide and water vapor greenhouse gas traps heat near the earth’s surface and destroys the stratospheric ozone. Once that occurs nitrous oxide in the earth’s atmosphere is broken down by UV light into nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide. These two products can reduce the ozone. Nitrogen oxides can be changed back into nitrates and nitrite compounds and recycled back into the earth’s surface.
